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- CHPASS User Commands CHPASS
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- NNAAMMEE
- chpass, chfn, chsh - add or change user database information
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- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- chpass [ -a list ] [ user ]
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- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- _C_h_p_a_s_s (or the alias _c_h_f_n ) allows editing of the user data-
- base information associated with _u_s_e_r or, by default, the
- current user. The information is formatted and supplied to
- an editor for changes. The _v_i editor will be used unless
- the environmental variable EDITOR selects an alternate edi-
- tor. When the editor terminates, the information is re-read
- and used to update the user database itself. Only the user,
- or the super-user, may edit the information associated with
- the user.
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- Only the information that the user is allowed to change is
- displayed.
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- Possible display items are as follows:
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- Login: user's login name
- Password: user's encrypted password
- Uid: user's id
- Gid: user's login group id
- Change: password change time
- Expire: account expiration time
- Class: user's general classification
- Home Directory: user's home directory
- Shell: user's login shell
- Full Name: user's real name
- Location: user's normal location
- Home Phone: user's home phone
- Office Phone: user's office phone
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- The _l_o_g_i_n field is the user name used to access the computer
- account.
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- The _p_a_s_s_w_o_r_d field contains the encrypted form of the user's
- password.
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- The _u_i_d field is the number associated with the _l_o_g_i_n field.
- Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and
- often across a group of systems) as they control file
- access.
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- While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical
- login names and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mis-
- take to do so. Routines that manipulate these files will
- often return only one of the multiple entries, and that one
- by random selection.
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- Sprite v1.0 March 12, 1989 1
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- CHPASS User Commands CHPASS
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- The _g_r_o_u_p field is the group that the user will be placed in
- upon login. Since this system supports multiple groups (see
- _g_r_o_u_p_s(1)) this field currently has little special meaning.
- This field may be filled in with either a number or a group
- name (see _g_r_o_u_p(5)).
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- The _c_h_a_n_g_e field is the date by which the password must be
- changed.
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- The _e_x_p_i_r_e field is the date on which the account expires.
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- Both the _c_h_a_n_g_e and _e_x_p_i_r_e fields should be entered in the
- form ``month day year'' where _m_o_n_t_h is the month name (the
- first three characters are sufficient), _d_a_y is the day of
- the month, and _y_e_a_r is the year.
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- The _c_l_a_s_s field is currently unused. In the near future it
- will be a key to a _t_e_r_m_c_a_p(5) style database of user attri-
- butes.
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- The user's home directory is the full UNIX path name where
- the user will be placed on login.
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- The shell field is the command interpreter the user prefers.
- If the _s_h_e_l_l field is empty, the Bourne shell (/_b_i_n/_s_h) is
- assumed.
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- When altering a login shell, and not the super-user, the
- user must select an approved shell from the list in
- /_e_t_c/_s_h_e_l_l_s.
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- The last four fields are for storing the user's full name,
- office location, and home and work telephone numbers.
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- The super-user is also allowed to directly supply a user
- database entry, in the format specified by _p_a_s_s_w_d(5), as an
- argument to the -_a option. This argument must be a colon
- (``:'') separated list of all the user database fields,
- although they may be empty.
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- Once the information has been verified, _c_h_p_a_s_s uses
- _m_k_p_a_s_s_w_d(8) to update the user database. This is run in the
- background, and, at very large sites could take several
- minutes. Until this update is completed, the password file
- is unavailable for other updates and the new information
- will not be available to programs.
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- FFIILLEESS
- /etc/master.passwd The user database
- /etc/shells The list of approved shells
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- CHPASS User Commands CHPASS
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- SSEEEE AALLSSOO
- login(1), finger(1), getusershell(3), passwd(5),
- mkpasswd(8), vipw(8)
- Robert Morris and Ken Thompson, _U_N_I_X _p_a_s_s_w_o_r_d _s_e_c_u_r_i_t_y
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- BBUUGGSS
- User information should (and eventually will) be stored
- elsewhere.
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- Sprite v1.0 March 12, 1989 3
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